Hello friends, today I am going to tell you What Is Stream Turbine, Definition of Steam Turbine, Working of Steam Turbine, Working Principle of Steam Turbine, Uses of Steam Turbine, Benefits of Steam Turbine, Classification of Steam Turbines: If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.
Definition of Steam Turbine
A device with the help of which we convert the thermal energy of pressurized steam into mechanical energy is called steam turbine.
In a steam turbine, direct rotational motion is obtained by converting steam pressure into velocity, obtaining a high-velocity jet and passing it over a row of blades mounted on a rotor. By this method its configuration becomes very simple. This high velocity can also be achieved by simultaneous or gradual expansion of steam.
After the invention of the steam engine, there has been continuous progress in this field and more and more thirst has been happening continuously. The result of this effort is the steam-turbine. It is arranged and milled by steam engine. In steam engines, power is used by converting the reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion, in turbine this motion is achieved directly. In steam engines, steam is not fully utilized due to the fact that steam cannot be fully circulated, whereas in steam turbines this use is possible to the maximum extent.
Working of Steam Turbine
In a reaction turbine, part of the steam circulates on the stationary faces and the rest on the moving faces. The shape of the faces is such that when steam flows between two faces, there is an increase in its velocity as well as a fall in pressure. At the same time it provides rotational motion which provides mechanical work on the shaft. Due to the change in pressure on the moving faces by the steam, some reaction is produced. Hence it is called reaction turbine.
Working Principle of Steam Turbine
Steam Turbine – In steam engine, the pressure energy of steam is neutralized and the dynamic action of steam is negligible or steam engine can work without any pressure drop.
The working of the steam turbine completely depends on the dynamic action of the steam.
The reciprocating motion is achieved directly in the turbine. Use in steam turbine is possible to the maximum level.
In a steam turbine, a high velocity jet is obtained by converting the pressure of the steam turbine into velocity and passing it through the row of blades on the rotor, direct rotational motion is obtained. Turbine is a very old device. A person named ‘Hero’ made a turbine which worked purely on reaction principle. Due to the high speed of the steam turbine, the size is small to produce the same power. Stream turbine in hindi
Steam of higher pressure and temperature can be used. Due to this complete diffusion of steam is possible and high vacuum can also be created.
Use of Steam Turbine
Steam turbine, an ideal prime mover steam turbine, has the following uses-
- It is used to drive a generator at a power station.
- It is also used to drive the ship propeller.
- Steam turbine is also used to run the pump.
- Steam turbine is used to run the compressor.
- Steam turbines are also used to run fans.
- Steam turbine is also used for high speed and constant speed requirement. Steam turbine is used more where the engine has to be turned on and off repeatedly and the speed has to be changed or run in the opposite direction.
Advantages of Steam Turbine
- Due to the high speed of steam turbine, the size is small for the same power output.
- A steam turbine takes up less space for the same power as compared to a steam engine.
- Due to the only rotational motion, the turbine is perfectly balanced, so the foundation is light and small. Steam of higher pressure and temperature can be used. With this, full expansion of steam is possible and high vacuum can also be created.
- Mechanical efficiency is high due to low mechanical friction.
- The thermal efficiency of a steam turbine is more than 30%, while that of a steam engine is only about 15% to 20%.
- Due to the uniform rotational speed of the turbine, its operation is more smooth.
- Higher temperature steam can be used since there is no need for internal lubricant and cathartic steam also does not contain lubricating oil.
- The mechanism is very simple and piston, piston rod, frank shaft, cross head valve mechanism etc. are not required.
- Due to the uniform power generation, no driving wheel is required.
- Since all the components are at the same temperature, there is no initial condensation of steam.
- Due to the compactness of the unit, more power can be obtained from one unit. Single turbines of 1200 MW or more have also been built.
- Steam consumption in the turbine does not increase with increasing working time.
- Controlling the Steam turbine is much simpler.
- The plant can be run even at partial load without much loss of efficiency.
- Steam turbine has a longer life time.
- Due to the high speed, the speed range is more for running the turbine.
Classification of Steam Turbines
based on steam action
- impulse steam turbine
- reaction steam turbine
on the basis of pressure drop
- Single stage turbine
- Multi stage turbine
depending on the direction of steam flow
- axial flow turbine
- radial flow
- tangential
depending on the flow configuration
- Single Flow
- Two
Governing basis
- Hypercritical
- Controlled Control Bypass Control
- Based
based on steam pressure
- Low Pressure Turbine
- Medium Pressure Turbine
- High Pressure Turbine
- Pressure Turbine
on the basis of heat loss
- Turbine
- Liquefaction Turbine
- Back Pressure Turbine
- Mixed Pressure Turbine
- Regenerative Turbine
- Exhaust Turbine
- Recovery Turbine
- Catharsis Turbine
- Binary Vapour Turbine
depending on usage
- Steady
- Speed Turbine Variable Speed Turbine
- Locomotive Turbine
- Nine Turbine
Hello friends, today I am going to tell you What Is Stream Turbine, Definition of Steam Turbine, Working of Steam Turbine, Working Principle of Steam Turbine, Uses of Steam Turbine, Benefits of Steam Turbine, Classification of Steam Turbines: If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.