Hello friends, today I am going to tell you Energy and environmental problems: If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.
Energy and environmental problems
The problems arising from the supply and consumption of energy are as follows:
1. Environmental Problems
The following problems arise from the generation, transmission, and distribution of energy.
(i) Ozone layer depletion
(ii) Global warming
(ii) Loss of biodiversity
(iv) Greenhouse effect problems
(i) Ozone Layer Depletion
Ozone gas is made up of three molecules of oxygen. Its chemical formula is 0. The ozone layer in the stratosphere acts as an effective filter for the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet-B rays (UV-B).
Ozone is produced and decayed automatically in the atmosphere.
According to scientists, an ozone hole has formed at the South Pole.
Ozone is a gas that is unstable relative to oxygen and potent reactive gas from chlorine and bromine substances. CFC (Chloro Fluoro Carbon) is a gas that destroys one lakh molecules in the stratosphere. Following are the effects of ozone layer depletion.
(a) Effects on Human and Animal Health – The penetration rate of the Sun’s UV rays is increasing. Which harm human health, such as eye diseases, skin cancer, infection diseases, etc.
(b) Effects on Terrestrial Plants – The composition of species is changing due to increasing radiations in forests and grasslands, due to which biodiversity is changing.
(c) Effects on Aquatic Ecosystem High radiation levels in the tropics and sub-tropics can affect the growth of plants (phytoplanktons). It can also damage the early stage of the evolution of fishes, crabs, amphibians, and other animals.
(d) Effects on Bio-Geochemical Cycle – The increasing Sun’s UV rays can affect the aquatic and geographic biogeochemical cycle. Due to this, there is an increase in the greenhouse gases Co2 .co, etc., responsible for the atmospheric change.
(e) Effects on Air Quality – Human health has been affected by terrestrial plants and foreign matter due to the increased penetrating power of ultraviolet rays. Species components are changing due to high-grade harmful radiation pressure.
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(ii) Global Warming
The following factors are responsible for global warming
(a) Indiscriminate felling of trees.
(b) Increase in the number of vehicles.
(c) Excessive sliding of terrestrial and aquatic surfaces.
(d) heat, dust particles, and various gases into the atmosphere from energy-producing sources.
(e) Occurrence of natural calamities like acid rain, tsunami, landslide, flood, earthquake, etc.
(f) Overexploitation of fossil fuels on a commercial scale are the potential problems caused by global warming
- The rise in global temperature
- The rise in sea level
- Food shortage and hunger
(iii) Loss of Bio-diversity- Biodiversity refers to the variation of life on Earth and its biological diversity. Industrialized countries are the most significant contributors to the loss of biodiversity. People are destroying different species to get food; fuel etc. Green forests are being cut. Animals are being hunted to fulfill the objectives of the industries. They are killing plants and animals for the production of crops, medicines, and chemicals.
(iv) Green House Problems – The plant-house of glass walls and roofs for the growth of plants in low temperatures is called Green House. This gives a proper environment for the development of plants. Because the temperature here remains higher than the outside temperature. The Sun’s rays reach directly and heat the inner gases. The vitreous barrier does not allow the inner gases to escape. Due to the continuous heating of gases, the internal temperature becomes higher than the external temperature, called Green House Effect.
The Earth and its surroundings behave like a greenhouse. The ozone layer protects the Earth from the harmful UV rays of the Sun, the CFC gas used in air refrigeration (AC) and refrigerators damages the ozone layer. It is estimated that due to similar emissions of gases, global weather temperatures will increase by one °C by 2030. Due to this, the problems of drought, flood, storm, etc., will start arising somewhere. The combustion of fossil fuels emits excessive CO2. This leads to an increase in greenhouse gases.
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2. Threat to International Relations
Ozone layer depletion poses two main threats to energy supply international relations.
Controversy regarding restrictions on the sources of crude oil. 65% of the world is the source of crude oil in the east. If the supply of oil by the Middle-East part is cut off, a considerable crisis can arise. Nuclear power and nuclear weapons are the second major problem. If a country has nuclear energy, then the capability to manufacture atomic weapons also develops. Therefore, the development of nuclear power can also distort international relations by increasing nuclear weapon capability.
3. Energy Consumption and Development
Today, the biggest challenge of developing countries is to provide energy to all in this growing population. These countries are alert to the environment and global climate change, but the priority of these countries is to provide enough energy to be economically sound.
More capital is needed to develop energy sources, which is spent on importing oil from abroad. Therefore, most of the capital of developing countries is spent on importing oil. Due to this, there is not much investment in the power sector in developing countries, and the problem related to power remains the same.
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