Hello friends, today I am going to tell you Causes of overvoltage In Transmission Lines?: If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.
Causes of overvoltage
The main reasons for over-voltage are-
1. External overvoltage
External overvoltages are caused by atmospheric disturbances, the main ones being lightning strikes. These come in the form of unidirectional waves whose maximum amplitude is not related to the operating voltage of the circuit. These can be due to the following reasons.
(i) Because of direct lightning stroke
(ii) Lightning discharge occurs near the line, which produces electromagnetically induced overvoltage.
(iii) Overvoltage occurs due to changing atmospheric conditions relative to the length of the line.
(iv) Electrostatic overvoltage occurs due to charge clouds.
(v) As a result of friction of small particles such as dust or ice particles in the atmosphere, these bring about electromagnetic overvoltage.
2. Internal overvoltage
Internal overvoltages arise when the operating conditions of the system change. These are divided into two types.
(i) Switching overvoltage or transient overvoltage of high frequency – This overvoltage arises due to the principle of transients. It occurs when the system switches on at the time of faults. This overvoltage produces oscillations and is in the form of a sine wave. Their frequency can be from 100 Hz to 1000 Hz. It is determined by capacitance and inductance.
An overvoltage type of overvoltage occurs when the reactants and transformers are switched on without load. If Pradosh occurs on any phase, then the voltage to the ground of the remaining two steps becomes more than the average voltage until the Pradosh is eliminated. When the circuit breaker contacts are opened to eliminate the fault, then after extinction, the restoring voltage comes opposite the contacts. Its frequency is twice that of the system voltage. frequency phase
The overvoltage factor is used to calculate the momentary overvoltage that occurs in the power system.
- Read more: What is Protective Relay?
(ii) Temporary Voltage – This overvoltage is the steady-state voltage of the power system frequency due to which the load contact is lost in the long transmission lines. The overvoltage factor is the ratio of the peak overvoltage to the rated peak system voltage.
This ratio is also called the frequency factor. The observation of overvoltage is based on the study of their magnitude, shape, duration, and frequency. Overvoltage is studied at all points in the system where the waves come from, whether at the beginning of the overvoltage or the entire transmission line. The cause and effect of overvoltage have to be taken care of for the complete protection of circuits.
- Read more: What is Translay Protection Scheme
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