Hello friends, today I am going to tell you What is Buchholz Relay? – Definition, Construction, Working: If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.
What is Buchholz Relay
Other names also know Buchholz relay.
- Pre-fault relay
- Gas actuated relay
This relay is used to protect transformers rated above 500 KVA. It is a relay triggered by a gas that is applied to oil-immersed transformers. It keeps the transformer safe from all kinds of defects. If there is a developing fault in the transformer, it informs through the relay bell, or if a severe internal fault occurs, the transformer is isolated from the primary current. This relay is installed between the main tank of the transformer and the conservator.
Construction of Buchholz Relay
The structure of the Buchholz relay is shown in the figure. It looks like a DOM VESSEL mounted between the pipe connecting the main tank and the conservator. This type of relay has two parts.
(i) Upper Element- consists of a Buchholz Mercury type switch connected to a hinged type flap attached to the oil conservator from the transformer. It is flowing in its path. This part, when a developing fault occurs in the transformer, closes the alarm circuit.
(ii) Lower Element – When a severe internal fault in the transformer trips the circuit breaker.
- Read more: What is Protective Relay?
Working of Buchholz Relay
In this way, the heat or arc (ARC) generated due to Pradosha starts decomposition of the transformer oil. This decomposition starts at about 350°C. The product formed by decomposition contains more than 70% hydrogen gas, which, being light, starts rising, and this hydrogen gas tries to go into the conservatory. And gets trapped in the upper part of the relay (Chamber), due to which this gas starts falling in the Buckholz relay. As the oil level starts falling, the float floating on the relay oil starts to fall/turn downwards. When this happens, the float containing the mercury switch closes, and it closes the alarm circuit.
Trips up. When a severe short circuit fault occurs in the transformer, the pressure of the tank increases and this pressure moves towards the gas collector. When the gas moves towards the oil conservator, it passes through the Buckholz relay, due to to which the pressure of the gas presses the plates on the Buckholz relay, and as a result, the second switch is closed and that circuit breaker. After this, the transformer is not used.
- Read more: What is a Static Relay: Advantages, Uses
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