Are you What Is a Vacuum Circuit Breaker? | Structure and working of vacuum circuit breaker?. If yes then I am sharing detailed information about Vacuum Circuit Breaker in this post.
What is a vacuum circuit breaker?
It consists of a vacuum arc extinguishing medium. It has the highest resistance. It is the best arc extinguishing medium. If we assume that in a vacuum, the contacts of the circuit are open, then the interference first comes to zero current. When contacts are opened in a vacuum, an arc is produced at the ends of the metal.
A high spot is generated due to the high current density, and the contacts are separated. Ions and electrons are generated at the surface of the separator, and this prevents arc restriking. It holds one or more vacuum interference parts per pole.
Construction of Vacuum Circuit Breaker
The diagram shows the construction of the vacuum circuit breaker
It consists of a vacuum chamber connected to a movable lapel chamber and an arc shield. The moving section is attached to steel bellows which are controlled by the control unit. The contacts are made with a large disc shape. The disc is symmetrically designed to allow the two connections to function separately from each other.
Due to this, the arc can rotate easily. The outer cover is glass. This glass cover maintains the vacuum ideally. The entire chamber is sealed to prevent leakage. The metal vapor that escapes from the contact ends accumulates at these ends during arcing and is isolated from the resistors.
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Working of Vacuum Circuit Breaker
Arcs occur under unusual circumstances, which are caused by the ionization of metal ions in contacts. The working of vacuum circuit breakers is different from others. When the contacts are separated, the vapor fills the contact gaps. It depends on the vapor stream. Disruption of current is less in a vacuum because there are multiple paths for the arc to exit. This is called the diffuse state.
At high current values, the arc tends to gather in a small part and rapidly evaporate at the contact ends. Then the arc interrupts. It is possible when it is in a diffuse state.
The path in the arc is constantly rotated so that the temperature at a point does not increase much. The dielectric potential increases after the last arc interrupt. It is suitable for capacitor switching, and there is no restriking of the arc.
Dicopper Magnesium (Cu2Mg), Dicesium Copper (CuCe2), and Copper Bismuth (Cubi) are suitable for metals and vacuum circuit breakers.
Advantages of Vacuum Circuit Breaker
- They work without sound.
- They do not require blasting.
- In these, the possibility of increasing the dielectric potential is more.
- They have a long life.
Disadvantages of Vacuum Circuit Breaker
- Due to the glass cover, they have to be handled with care.
Applications of Vacuum Circuit Breaker
These are used in outdoor applications with voltages ranging from 22kV to 66kV. Single interruption vacuum circuit breakers are widely used up to 36kV voltage. These metal-enclosed switch gears, arc furnace installations, and auxiliary switch gears are used in generator stations and other industrial applications.
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