friends, today I am going to tell you that the What is Line Support? – What are The Types of Line Support, Types Of Line Support : If you also want to know, then keep reading this article completely.
Types Of Line Support
There are mainly two types of the line base
1. Poles
2. Tower
1. Poles Line Support
The poles are used for transmission and distribution lines up to 66kV and 100 meters of span.
Generally, the following types of poles are used.
(i) Wooden poles
(ii) Steel poles
(iii) Cement concrete poles
(i) wooden poles
Wooden poles are commonly used for temporary lines in the plains. Where wood is cheap and easy to find, but in mountainous areas where other pillars are complex, wooden poles are also used for permanent lines. Wooden sticks are used for 22KV voltage and spans of 50 to 70 meters. In some hilly places, wooden poles have also been used for 132kV and 150m space. For this, a long single or ‘H’ type pole is used. Sal, pine, shisham wood is used for these pillars. Their length ranges from about 11 to 15 meters, and the summit circumference is 38 cm. And the rim from the bottom is 66 cm. of what happens.
It is modified with tar coal or creosote oil to protect the external environment in winter, summer and rain. To protect against worms and water, a cap of aluminium, zinc or cement is worn on the top of the pole. The pillars impregnated with creosote have a good life and are up to 25 to 30 years. Wooden posts have good flexibility.
Wooden poles are used in the following three ways.
(a) Single wooden poles
(b) ‘A’ type poles
(c) ‘H’ type poles
Advantages of Wooden Poles :-
(i) Their initial cost is low.
(ii) Being light in weight, they are portable.
(iii) are bad conductors of electricity.
(iv) Well impregnated with oil has a longer life
Disadvantages of wooden poles :-
(i) Forests are destroyed due to their use.
(ii) They are more prone to termites and fire
(iii) their mechanical strength is less
(iv) The factor of safety for these pillars has to be kept very high 3.5.
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(ii) Steel Poles
In India, steel poles are generally used in plain areas for steel poles for 66kV voltage and 100 mtr. It is 40-50 years. The length of these pillars ranges from 9 meters to 14 meters. There are four types of steel poles.
(a) Tubular steel poles
(b) Rail Poles
(c) I-Section Steel Poles
(d) Lattice Steel Poles
(a) Piped steel poles – These are generally made up of three tapering tubes.
Their length is around 9 meters. These poles are generally used in 11kV and distribution lines. Nowadays, they are also used in road lighting and on-road dividers. Their cost and mechanical strength are more than wooden poles.
(b) Rail Poles – These poles are made of old railway tracks, whose length is from 11 to 13 meters. These are used up to 33kV. They are used both singly or in ‘H’ format. Their mechanical strength is more than that of tubular steel poles.
(c) I-section poles- These poles are made of steel having an I-shaped cross-section. They are used up to 33kV, and their height ranges from 10 to 12 meters. Their mechanical strength is more than that of tubular steel poles but less than that of rail poles. They are cheaper than steel poles because the weight per meter of length is more minor.
(d) Lattice steel poles- These pillars are made of steel angle and leaf. They are used where the availability or transport of rail posts or those with I section is expensive. One advantage of them is that it is made into two or three pieces and is fitted by taking it to the same place. They are used for 66kV and up to a span of 150 meters.
(iii) Cement concrete pillars
These poles are used for low voltage (440V and 33kV) in rural and urban areas.
They have more lifespan and mechanical strength. These pillars are made of reinforced cement concrete. Their size is 25 x 25 cm at the bottom and 13 cm x 12 cm in the upper part. They are of two types; one is square from above and below, and the other is rectangular from below but square from above. Beautiful in appearance, maintenance-free and poor conductor. They are very strong and have a long life. Their 80 meters to 200 meters are used for the bridge. They are especially beneficial in areas where the soil is full of moisture or water, as there is a risk of wood termites and steel rusting. These pillars are heavy. Hence their transportation is expensive, and hence sometimes, they are also constructed on-site. Prestressed current poles are also used. PCC poles are lighter than RCC pole shut. These pillars are used in single and H format.
2. Steel Tower Line Support
Their use is 132kV y. This is done in power lines having a span of more than 200 meters span. These lattices are made of steel angles and leaves like pillars. Their size is huge, so they are made to be erected at the place of transportation. They are based on four separate legs. Although they are expensive, due to their length and life (about 100 years), they are effectively cheap. The reliability of these towers is also very high. Also, they can be made into a single circuit and two circuits.
Transmission lines pass through fields, ponds, rivers, railways and highways etc. Hence the design of the tower may vary from case to case, and it depends on the height of the line and the bridge. The transmission line may be curved rather than straight, causing angles at various places in the bar. The pitch between these turns is 2°-15° for small favours, 150–20° for medium angles and 30°-60° for large arches. Tangent towers used in straight lines are heavy. The buildings are divided into pillars based on the angle between them.
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