Today in this article we are going to Types and Advantages of Interconnection System, difference Types of Interconnection System, Advantages of Interconnection System. Learn more about If you also want to know then read this post completely.
Types of Interconnection System
By connecting the power centers among themselves, the distribution of power takes place through the interconnection system. There are mainly two types of the interconnection system
- Integrated Interconnection System
- Unintegrated Interconnection System
1. Integrated Interconnection System
Combined interconnection systems operate when separate units operate as a single unit. The identity of specific systems has almost disappeared. All operations such as production facilities, installation of new equipment, increase in cumulative capacity, incremental loading of generators, coordination for building and maintenance, and transmission facilities are increased under planning. In this type of body, various types of loading, accounting maintenance, schedule, dispatch, etc., are done by the central office.
2. Unintegrated Interconnection System
In a disjointed interconnection system, the identity of specific systems is not lost. The primary responsibility of this system is how to allocate the load to the different types of areas. There is no central office in this system. One system can control another system. In an unconnected system, a limited amount of energy is supplied for a limited time. In this, many types of benefits are combined. A combined interconnection system is more economical, but based on many central systems, an unconnected interconnection system is used because it provides various types of utility such as emergency facility, economic maintenance, connected maintenance, planning, etc. Different types of generating centers can be interconnected as follows.
(i) Interconnection of Hydro-electric Power Stations: Some hydroelectric power stations are stations that run only due to the water of the rainy rivers and can generate power till then. As long as they have proper water flow.
There are also some hydroelectric power stations in which some water can be stored, and power can be produced for a few days.
Apart from these, there are also some hydroelectric power stations. A large amount of water can be collected in the dam, and power can be produced continuously for several months.
If the maximum benefit from these power centers is interconnected and most of the power is produced during the rainy season, hydroelectric power systems with low storage capacity run by river water because there is sufficient quantity for these power systems during the rainy season. Water is available, and hydroelectric power systems with high storage capacity should be loaded to obtain most of the required power from/after the rainy season. For this, a single line diagram of the interconnection power system is shown in the figure.
By different interconnecting types of hydroelectric power systems, rainwater can be used appropriately, and more power can be generated throughout the year.
(ii) Interconnection of Hydroelectric and Thermal Power Stations: Under power system, hydroelectric and thermal power stations can be appropriately used by interconnecting hydroelectric and thermal power stations because both water and fuel can be used properly because, During floods in the rainy season, maximum water to the dam goes to waste through the spillway. To make the most of this water, hydroelectric power systems can be operated at baseload by applying maximum load and thermal power stations with minimal load or are operating at peak load conditions.
In contrast, at the end of the rainy season, when the water content in the dams of hydroelectric stations is significantly reduced, thermal power stations are operated at base load and hydroelectric power stations only for peak load.
In this way, water and fuel can be appropriately used by different interconnecting generating centers under the power system. Similarly, interconnection of other power systems is also possible, which is as follows
(a) Interconnection of wind and thermal power stations.
(b) Interconnection of wind and hydroelectric power stations.
- Read more: Power Station Interconnected System
Advantages of Interconnection System
(i) Continuity of Supply – Continuity of supply should always be maintained in the power plant system. Continuity in supply is not possible for any power plant. In case of any fault in the system at the generating station or at the time of maintenance, the entire system has to be shut down. Continuity in supply is possible if the generating center is interconnected with any other generating station.
(ii) Increase in Reliability of Supply- Due to the interconnection of power plants, there is an increase in the reliability of the plant as the voltage and frequency of the system remain the same and voltage fluctuation is eliminated.
(iii) Saving of Operating Cost – By running two different power plants separately, each unit can be saved.
It has to be operated economically, whereas when both the power plants are interconnected, it is run at an optimum time, thereby reducing the operating cost. Therefore the exchange of energy between the two centers leads to savings for both.
(iv) Exchange of Peak Load – The most significant advantage of interconnection in a power system is exchanging the peak load. If the load curve of the power center shows a peak load over the assigned load of that center, then the additional load obtained can be divided by the center of interconnection from that center.
(v) Use of older Power Plants – Through interconnected systems, older and lower efficiency plants can be used for short periods of peak load, while these alone are insufficient for such tasks.
(vi) Economical Operation – The interconnected power system facilitates the operation of the respective power station as the load is divided among the interconnected systems in such a way that the high-efficiency power stations regularly work at high load coefficient throughout the year and low-efficiency power plants operate only for peak loads
(vii) Increase in Diversity Factor – When the power system is interconnected, the maximum demand of the system is less than the sum of the maximum demand of each plant. This improves the diversity factor of the system and increases the efficiency of the system.
(viii) Reduce the Power Plant Capacity – The load demand at any center is not constant. We install each power station based on its peak load capacity. If the generating station is interconnected with other stations, we can install it at a capacity less than its peak load.
(ix) Increase in Plant Reserve Capacity – Each plant has a standby unit, and it comes in handy in times of emergency. This capability is significantly reduced when multiple power centers are interconnected in parallel, thereby increasing the system’s efficiency.
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